do

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  1. poss. pron. 2 sg. (leniting) 4.3, etc.; before vowels t’  24.18, etc.; th’ 16.17, etc.; h’ 16.6, etc.; for forms with preps. see Introduction, pp. 28-31
  2. preverbal partc. with forms of past and condit.; lenites active but not passive forms, do chuireadh (past pas.) 5.10 being an exception; three instances of d’ with vowel elision are 13.14, 16.14, 52.9
  3. prep. (leniting); for pronom. forms etc. see Introduction, p. 29; generally expressing dative relation, ‘for’, ‘to’ etc.; common after verbs such as adhraim, aontaighim, bronnaim, cuimhnighim, cumaim, deónaighim. do-bheirim, do-gheibhim, do-ním, féachaim, foillsighim, geallaim, iarraim, maithim, múnaim, osclaim, taisbeánaim, tarla, treóraighim, ullmhaighim; after nouns such as comairce, dlisteanas, éigean, meanma, oifig, onóir, seirbhís, tabhartas, tairgsin, tiodhlacadh, umhla; after adjs. such as aithnidh, ceangailte, cóir, contrádha, díleas, éigeantach, fearr, fómánta, iomchubhaidh, nádúra, umhal; used in expressing action with foll. vb. n., e.g. ní do chur a g[c]eann na neithi do-geibhthear go nua 4.16-17, do chúm gloire Dé do chur a mach 4.20, ceartughadh ... do thabhairt ar an gcló 5.7-8, in expressing agent after vb. n. or after adj. formed with prefix in-, e.g. ag fortachd do Dhia 12.20, a fhaicsin duit 32.11, ar ar slugadh don bhás 31.5, aga léghadh dhuínn 40.3, ar na ministralachd don phobul 50.14-15, forcheadal ... is ínghabhtha, dá gach aon [1].3-5; linking agent with foll. vb. n. in purpose clause, as in guidhim Dia do thabhairt a ghrás damh 13.4; sim. 20.14-16, 26.4-5; in rel. construction in toírrcheas na hóibre ... atám do thairring ... chugad 3.5-8; in reflexive use in Ní ghēna tú dhuit íomháigh 15.10; in identification in Créud is aínm dhuit? 11.9

Aibidil Gaoidheilge & Caiticiosma: Seaán Ó Cearnaigh's Irish primer of religion, published in 1571. Editor: Brian Ó Cuív.

  1. do’ prep. followed by dat. to, for; don chléir 81. Conjugated; 1 s. damh ; 2 s. deid 1344, deit 118; 3 sm. do 45, 608, dó 572; 3 sf. dí 1066; 2 pl. daoibh 547; 3 pl. dáibh 823, dóibh 39.
  2. do’ prep. followed by dat. from, of; do bhláth 552, don tóir 705. With 1 a n- dá, á, á mbím 416. Conjugated; 1s. díom 1667; 3 sf. dí 2210; 3 pl. díobh 2555.
  3. do’ possess. pronoun 2s. thy, your.

Duanaire Mhéig Uidhir: The poembook of Cú Chonnacht Mág Uidhir, Lord of Fermanagh 1566-1589. Editor: David Greene. Translator: David Greene.

See also do' and do-doi-.

Léamh Glossary.

  1. rfh., 23, dho, 3684, dho, 3684, dho roimh ainm, br., 74, 1653, 3141; +forainm: dhó, 797, 1084, dho, 5288, 6139, 6200, do, 6064; iolra 2 p. dhíbh, 1494, daoibh, 6329; ní fhuil ar cumas dhamh, 1475; ar cumas don a., 2543-4; ní cosmhuil dhó, he is not likely to 2916-17; creideamh do Dhia, to believe in God, 3208; do mhaitheamh na pēine si tuigthior an loghadh, indulgences are to be taken as relating to the remission of this punishment, 5760-1.
  2. mír dhobhr., 30, ro, 6576, dho, 1389, mír choibhn. leis an aims. láithr. 726, >a, 6125.

Scáthán Shacramuinte na hAithridhe. Author: Aodh Mac Aingil. Editor: Cainneach Ó Maonaigh O.F.M.

so much of...that fágbhaidh d'ísle...nar...1027; d'easonta ní fhuil...nach 2536; do...do, either...or... 3540.

The Book of O'Hara: Leabhar Í Eadhra. Editor: Lambert McKenna S.J.

  1. do, (asp.), pass. adj. pron., thy; before vowels t’, 4210; th’, 1064; compounded with prepp. agad’, dod, etc.
 
  1. do, prefix of pret., asp. only in act. In combination with ni, go, and nach the old particle ro is used in place of do; hence níor, gur, nár, etc.
 
  1. do, prefix of imperf. and cond., asp. only in act., not used with ní, go, etc.
 
  1. do, prep., to, etc.; with pronom. elements it becomes damh, 270, 1101; duit, 164; deit (in verse), 4779; dó, 228; di 2153, dí, 1111; dúinn, 435; daoibh, 788 (díbh, 1192); dóibh, 2704; with poss. dom, 2102; dot, 3185; dá, 23, 57, 129, 527; dár, 6762; dábhar, 4762, with gach, dá, 47, 809, but, do gach, 4957, with rel. dá, 117
 
Used in all dative relations, in varied application:---  

  1. After adjj., such as aithnidh, 1411; cinnte, 410; cóir, 2060; coitcheann, 454; damanta, 1718; dearbh, 5894; eagail, 534; fearr, 133; feirrde, 7424; feas, 788; foláir, 1186; ionann, 2011; léir, 904; maith, 8251; oircheas, 2786; searbh, 9481; tarbhach, 273
 
  1. After substt. as dat. commodi.; i nglóir do Dhia, 35; monuar dhaoibh, 2038; go bhfios damh, 2718; cor i gcuimhne dhó, 301, 435; gurab éigean dó, 951; nach lór duit, 164; i ndochar do, 2698; sochar, 2704; is beatha dhó, 1207; is fréamh dhó, 2875; dearbhráthair, dhó, ‘a brother of his,’ 5213;--often in advbl. clause: i ngar dhó, 1730; i gcomhfhogus do, 3083; i ndán dó, 2599
 
  1. To express the agent (a) after v. nec. and adjj. of the form ion-, in-, ‘fit to be—”; is déanta dhúinn comhairle Phóil, 9565; is tuigthe dhúinn, 2776; is eadh budh indéanta dona daoinibh, 2651; is inmheasta dhúinn, 10946; so, inleanta, 2627; intseachanta, 8138; ionchoimhéadta, 2188; iontugtha, 2459

    (b) Especially after verbal noun: tré choill a chána don chéad-athair, 5; gan flaitheas Dé do thuilleamh dhó, 1467; ré n-imtheacht dó, 2817; go beith tuirrseach dhó, 6208; go beith cortha dhó, 6211; go díol a fhiach...dó, 6271; go déanamh aithrighe dhoíbh, 7235; tré bheith san tigh dó, 7671; bás d’fhagháil ar a leabaidh dhó, 8522; go cumhsanadh ionnat-sa dhó, 8641; i ndiaidh bheith álainn dó, 9133; tré inneachadh Dé do thuilleamh dá sinnsear, 9536; esp. in the construction of iar (ar) + vn., which serves to express the Lat. abl. abs.: iar mbeith ag teitheadh do A., 999; ar bhfagháil bháis dó, 2736; iar mbeith ceangailte dár lámhaibh, ligatis manibus, 6761; cf. 7365, 7438, 7471, 8341
 
  1. After verbs, such as, bronn- 2798; cinn-, 117; comhairligh-, 1861; deonuigh-, 423; diúlt-, 411; féachain, 585; fogair, 2162; do fhreagair, 250; geall-, 2856; léigidh, 1528; orduigh-, I; séoladh, 1598; taisbéan-, 16; tarla, 2558; teagmh-, 329; [and so frequently in the elliptic phr., ní hamhlaidh sin damhsa, 2568, etc.]; tug, 333
 
  1. With verbs of motion: do-chuaidh...don teaghdhais, 8749; imirce...don árus, 2728
 
  1. Hence with verbal nouns to express purpose: do bhriseadh na híomháighe, 78; teacht d’fhios, 87; do theagasg an phobail, 151; do mhúchadh a hainmhian, 176; do chlaonadh na toile, 186; do thabhairt uirísle, 489; d’iarraidh milse, 584; do thurnamh an díomusa, 634; dol do dhéanamh comhairle, 652; do dhéanamh luaithridh, 1111
 
  1. Its most characteristic use is to connect a vn. with a preceding noun or pron. which is the virtual subject or object of the action. Thus instead of, tig don pheacadh dalladh an aithrighigh ‘there comes from sin the blinding of the penitent,’ 9249, we find far more commonly the type, ‘tig don pheacadh an t-aithrigheach do dhalladh,’ lit. ‘there comes from sin the penitent for blinding.’ So, i ndiaidh déanta na póite, 9244, might be written, i ndiaidh na póite do dhéanamh. The virtual subj. or obj. (it can only be the former when the vn. belongs to an intrans. vb.) is in case-relation with the principal clause, and is not affected by the following vn. The construction may be compared to that of the Latin gerundive: príomh-ughdair na ngrás do dháil, 7986 = auctoris gratiarum afferendarum, or the type of ab urbe condita = ó aimsir na cathrach do chur ar bun.

    The virtual subj. or obj. may be (a) nom.: ní háil linn sibh do bheith ainbhfiosach, ‘nolumus vos ignorare, 8628; saoiltear leó iad féin do mharthain, 107; do horduigheadh dona daoinibh...bás d’fhagháil, ‘to meet with death was ordained unto men,’ I; gur dhearbh leis buaidh do bhreith, ‘to gain victory was a certainty unto him,’ ‘he felt sure of winning,’ 42; nach éidir éin-spréidh...do mharthain, 391; the implied rel. pron. is qualified by do + vn. in 6057: an comhruathar do bhí fá Dhia do thabhairt ar lucht chathrach N.; and, na sár-dhochar do luaidheadh linn...do bheith ann, 6573; the nom. is used after the proleptic a, a chur i gconntabhairt sealbh na gloire...do bheith aige, ‘to doubt that he possesses the glory,’ 4846; dá iarraidh uirre a himpidhe do chur, ‘asking her to employ her intercession,’ 34; (b) acc. do thuig gach ní...do bheith fírinneach, 5055; thréigeas toil Dé do dhéanamh, ‘who gives up the doing of God’s will,’ 620; gur orduigh Dia...anmanna...do sgríobhadh, 449; referring to a rel.: an tí shaoileas do shlánughadh, 8225; an díomus fhoráileas...do bheith ionnta, 623; an dream adeirmíd do mharthain, ‘quos vivere dicimus,’ 5863; an cantlamh mheasas tú do bheith ann, 6408; after prep. gan: gan milse bhriathar nDé do fhromhadh, 1633; after tré: tré fheirg nDé do thuilleamh, 7657; (c) gen: i ndiaidh an aidhbhirseóra do bhualadh shoighde na sainnte air, ‘after the adversary shot the arrow of covetousness at him,’ 2519; i bpéin bháis d’imirt ar A., ‘under penalty of inflicting death on A.’ 6; sás a mheanman do mhúchadh, ‘method of repressing his passion,’ 335; sás a n-uaille do chlódh, ‘method of lowering their pride,’ 698; cf. 422; i mbaoghal a n-uaille d’arughadh, ‘in danger of intensifying their pride,’ 152; ré linn choróine do chor, ‘at the time of putting on the crown,’ 661; príomh-ughdair na ngrás do dháil = auctoris gratiarum afferendarum, 7986; [hence the very common usage in what is equivalent to a rel. clause or a compound noun: ceard chorcán do dhéanamh, ‘craftsman who makes pots,’ ‘potter,’ 313, 490; fear láimhe do thabhairt, ‘helper,’ 3897; lucht ósda do choimhéad, ‘inn-keepers,’ 3715; lá fhir thuarastail do thuilleamh, ‘dies mercenarii,’ 2781]; cf. 2510, 2569, 2577, 3829, 5218, 6084, 8120, 8619, etc.; (d) dat.: ghiallas dá réir do dhéanamh, ‘who consents to obey his will,’ 619; go gcaith-réim mhoir...do bheith ’na dhiaidh, 5568; go dtiocfadh dona taisibh d fhaigsin, ‘that it might come to pass from seeing the relics,’ 466; ar an dtalmhain do phógadh, 180; ó chaoraibh na fíneamhna d’ithe, 8421; toirmeasg ar ghrásaibh d’fhagháil, 5070; i dtoil Dé do choimhlíonadh, 10845, etc.; this construction is sometimes found with a pers. pron., ré sinn féin do stiúradh, ‘to guide us,’ 10996, but generally the pron. is in the gen., and the vn. is in case-relation with the main clause, e.g., réna cor ó bheith aimhriata, 1879
 
  1. By a peculiar idiom a rel. clause with atá may be inserted between the virtual obj. and do + vn.: na beatha suthaine do bhídís do thuar, ‘of the eternal life which they used to be earning,’ 2286 [ag tuar would be impossible here, for the vn. governs the gen. and the implied rel. pron. can only be nom. or acc.; hence, do bhí sé ag ól dighe, but, an deoch do bhí sé d’ol; ag ól in the latter phrase would be as ungrammatical as ag ól deoch]
 
  1. When accompanied by a poss. pron. do may take the place of ag before a vn.; thus = agá, and one or other may occur as a variant in the MSS.; an uair bhíos dá chor amach, ‘when he is being evicted,’ 794; go raibhe dá il-chéasadh, ‘so that he was being tortured,’ 564; beid dá n-iomchur, 1255; atá Dia féin dá bhagar, 1471; atá Pól dá theagasg, 1693; ag gleic...7 dom chuibhreach, ‘repugnantem...et captivantem me,’ 2102

Trí Bior-Ghaoithe an Bháis: The Three Shafts of Death. Author: Geoffrey Keating. Editor: Osborn Bergin.